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According to one survey, over 26% of Pennsylvania residents rely on private wells for drinking water in the commonwealth. 

Unlike public water utilities, which are cleaned with advanced filtration systems and disinfectants, well water is often unfiltered and not treated using any chemicals. 

One of the most important tasks of owning a private well is to conduct frequent water sample testing to protect your health and get informed of potential pathogens hiding in your water.

Since most properties with private well systems also rely on septic systems, a combination of water sample testing and septic inspections is especially important, as effluence from septic tanks is one of the most common causes of contamination. 

Learn more about why water sample testing is crucial for all homeowners in Pennsylvania, regardless of whether they get their water from a private well or public utility. 

What Is Water Sample Testing?

Water sample testing is the process of collecting and analyzing a sample of your drinking water to check for the presence of contaminants and assess overall water quality. 

Water samples are sent to a laboratory for testing to detect the presence of harmful bacteria, heavy metals, chemicals, and excess minerals — most of which can’t be seen, smelled, or tasted.

7 Benefits of Water Sample Testing in Northeast Pennsylvania

Water testing can provide early detection of any harmful substances lingering in your water supply or plumbing that can adversely impact your health and home. 

Here are seven reasons to get a water sample test in Northeast Pennsylvania. 

1. Protect Your Family’s Health

Well water contamination can occur from several sources, including runoff from melting snow, stormwater, and wastewater effluents.  

Unfortunately, contaminants like lead, arsenic, nitrates, bacteria, and even viruses can sneak into your water supply without any obvious signs, leading to chronic symptoms that include: 

• Gastrointestinal issues
• Developmental delays in children
• Reproductive problems
• Increased risk of cancer
  

However, well water is not the only water source that can become contaminated. While public water is required to meet certain regulatory standards, old pipes, filtration systems, and humidifiers can become contaminated and end up getting you sick. Getting routine water sample tests will help avoid these unknowns and protect your family’s health against possible toxic exposure. 

2. Well Water Isn’t Regulated Like City Water

Private well owners are entirely responsible for their well water management. The first step toward identifying problems associated with your well water is to perform a water sample test.

The EPA recommends well owners test their water at least once a year or more frequently if:

• You’ve had recent flooding or construction near your well
• You notice a change in taste, odor, or color
• A household member develops unexplained health issues
  

Sampling your well water is essential for catching bacteria, nitrates, and other naturally occurring or human-made contaminants early.

3. Aging Plumbing Can Introduce Contaminants

On the other hand, even if your city’s water system is modern and well-maintained, your home’s internal plumbing might not be. Homes built before the 1980s often contain lead pipes, solder, or fixtures that can leach lead and heavy metals into your drinking water. 

Lead is particularly dangerous for young children, infants, and pregnant women, and it often enters your water after treatment during its journey through aging pipes.

Remember that not all public water is maintained to the same standards, nor does it come from the same sources. Some water may be more acidic than others, which can accelerate the degradation of your pipes and water filtration systems.

4. Detect Hidden Chemical Contamination

If you are generally worried about your health and water quality, then a water sample test may be helpful in identifying many common chemicals found in public water, including:

• Pesticides and herbicides
• Industrial solvents
• PFAS (“forever chemicals”)
• Radon gas in groundwater
• VOCs (volatile organic compounds)
  

These contaminants can enter water supplies from agricultural runoff, manufacturing facilities, or household chemicals, impacting well water and public water systems alike. 

Long-term exposure to these chemicals can be harmful, and the only way to detect them is through periodic testing.

5. Protect Your Appliances and Plumbing

Beyond electricity and gas, water is by far the most ubiquitous and important resource used in homes today. In addition to drinking water, your water is also used for bathing, washing dishes, and washing clothes. 

Therefore, poor water quality doesn’t just affect your health — it also impacts your plumbing system, fixtures, and appliances. 

For example, high mineral content (commonly known as “hard water”) can cause limescale buildup in pipes, water heaters, and washing machines and reduce the lifespan of these appliances. 

Water sample tests provide a detailed overview of your water’s mineral content so that you can adjust your filtration system to protect your plumbing and appliances. 

6. Test Before Buying or Selling a Home

If you’re buying a new home, especially one with a private well, a water test should be part of your inspection process. 

Not only is a water sample test essential for your health and safety, but it can also point to possible issues with your septic system and plumbing that will require future repairs. 

7. Gain Peace of Mind

While many people would prefer to avoid another expense in today’s economy, water sample testing is quick and affordable and can save you lots of money on future repairs or health issues over time.

Most importantly, it can help answer a lot of unknowns when it comes to your drinking water and health. If you are suffering from unexplained medical ailments, then a water sample test can be an important step to fixing any unknown issues.

When Should You Test Your Water?

If you have private well water, we recommend testing your water at least every one to two years to ensure that there are no changes to the water content due to runoff or effluents. 

For individuals with public drinking water, this can be done at a longer interval, like every two to five years. 

With that said, you should consider testing your water if:

• You’re buying or selling a property.
• You rely on a private well.
• You live in an older home.
• You notice changes in water taste, color, or smell.
• You’ve recently completed plumbing repairs.
• You live near farms, factories, or known contamination sites.
• You’re pregnant, have young children, or have a compromised immune system.
  

For municipal water, review your local water utility’s annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR), but remember: that report covers the water as it leaves the treatment plant — not after it’s traveled through miles of pipes to your home.

For full-spectrum water results in Northeast Pennsylvania, contact the experts at Mountain to Valley Home Inspections for your water sample testing.

FAQs

Why is water quality important?

Water quality directly impacts your health, home, and overall well-being. Contaminated water can carry harmful bacteria, chemicals, and heavy metals that may cause both short-term illnesses and long-term health issues. Beyond health, poor water quality can also damage plumbing systems, stain fixtures, reduce appliance lifespans, and affect the taste and smell of your drinking water. Testing ensures you’re aware of any risks and can take action to protect your household.

How often should I test my drinking water?

If you use a private well, the EPA recommends testing at least once a year for bacteria, nitrates, and other common contaminants. If you’re on city water, review your local water utility’s annual report, but you may still want to test your home’s water if you notice changes in taste, smell, or color — or if you live in an older home with aging pipes.

What should I do if my water test results show contamination?

Solutions depend on the type of contaminant. In many cases, installing a certified filtration system, repairing plumbing, disinfecting your well, or using bottled water for drinking and cooking can solve the problem. If contamination is severe, consult with a water treatment professional or local health department for guidance.

The charm of older homes in our great area will never cease to amaze us. But underneath that old architecture, a dark secret may lie.

Mold, mildew, lead paint, and other VOCs are common issues found in many older homes across Northeast Pennsylvania. 

While some laws and disclosures have attempted to cut down on the presence of lead paint and asbestos, particularly older homes may still have these dangerous substances within them. 

Poor ventilation found in attics, bathrooms, and kitchens in older homes also creates the perfect environment for mold. And we don’t need to mention the harm that basement flooding can do to air quality in a home. 

Professional air quality testing is a crucial step in identifying and mitigating potential hazards in an older home. Whether you’re living in a historic property— or considering purchasing or selling one— here are nine reasons why you should invest in air quality testing.

What Is an Air Quality Test?

An air quality test is a professional assessment that measures the presence of pollutants, allergens, and harmful substances in indoor air. This testing helps identify contaminants such as mold spores, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide, asbestos fibers, and dust particles. 

Professionals use specialized equipment to collect air samples and analyze them for harmful substances that could impact respiratory health, cause allergies, or lead to long-term illnesses. 

The results provide homeowners with a clear understanding of potential air quality issues and recommendations for improving indoor air conditions.

Air quality tests are particularly important for older homes, where outdated building materials, aging ventilation systems, and hidden moisture issues can contribute to poor indoor air. 

Professional air quality testing can detect problems that aren’t visible to the naked eye, allowing homeowners to take proactive measures to improve air circulation, remove contaminants, and create a healthier living environment.

6 Reasons to Get an Air Quality Test

Getting a professional air quality test is essential for your health and can also protect your home by identifying potential issues that may be hidden. 

1. Identifying Hidden Mold and Mildew

Moisture intrusion and poor ventilation can lead to the presence of mold and mildew, which may be hidden from plain view and remain undetected for years. 

Unfortunately, older homes are more likely to have moisture issues due to aging plumbing, roof leaks, or poor ventilation. This excess moisture can lead to mold and mildew growth, triggering allergies and respiratory issues. 

Professional air quality testing can detect mold spores in the air, even if visible mold isn’t present. Identifying and addressing mold early can prevent costly remediation and health problems and point to potential leaks or moisture issues that may cause other problems in your home. 

2. Detecting Asbestos Fibers

Many homes built before the 1980s contain asbestos fibers in their insulation, ceiling tiles, or siding materials. While asbestos isn’t automatically toxic on its own, when disturbed, it can become airborne and cause severe lung diseases.

Unfortunately, many people may be unaware they have asbestos in their homes or fail to disclose it when selling them. 

Air quality testing can determine if asbestos fibers are present, helping homeowners take necessary precautions before renovations or repairs.

3. Checking for Lead Dust Contamination

Lead-based paint was widely used in homes before it was banned in 1978, but can still be found in several homes in Pennsylvania today. According to the EPA, 69% of homes built between 1940 and 1969 are likely to contain lead-based paint, and 87% of those built before 1940 are also likely to contain lead-based paint. 

Lead-based paint can cause several harmful health effects, including:

• Developmental delays in children
• Neurological issues
• Kidney and cardiovascular problems

Professional air testing can provide extra assurance by identifying harmful lead contaminants, allowing you to remove them before occupying or buying a home. 

4. Identifying Carbon Monoxide Risks

Old homes often have outdated heating systems, fireplaces, or gas appliances that can produce carbon monoxide (CO). Because CO is an odorless and deadly gas, undetected leaks pose a severe health risk. Symptoms of CO poisoning include:

• Dizziness and headaches
• Nausea
• Confusion and fatigue

Air quality testing can detect unsafe levels of carbon monoxide beyond home testing kits that ensure your home’s ventilation systems are functioning properly.

5. Checking for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Many old homes contain building materials, adhesives, and finishes that release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air and can lead to respiratory issues. Some common sources include oil-based paints, old carpeting, adhesives, and stored chemicals.

An air quality test can identify high VOC concentrations that may be impacting your long-term health.  

6. Radon Detection

Radon is a silent gas that has been linked to cancer development and other detrimental health effects. Unfortunately, 40% of homes in Pennsylvania have been linked to unsafe levels of radon exposure. 

Conducting a radon test can be a lifesaver. Eliminating radon often requires a radon mitigation system installed in your basement or the lowest level of your home. 

7. Testing for Poor Ventilation and Stale Air

Finally, we recommend air quality testing for older homes that have poor ventilation or older HVAC systems. Poor ventilation can lead to increased humidity, lingering odors, mold, dust, and much more. 

A professional assessment can determine if your home needs better airflow solutions, such as upgraded ventilation systems or air purifiers.

How Much Does an Air Quality Test Cost?

The national average for an air quality test costs around $420, though this depends heavily on several factors:

• Home Size: The size of the home and amount of rooms or surfaces that need to be tested will greatly influence pricing.
• Hazards Tested: Prices vary between different types of air quality tests, with mold and radon testing trending on the higher side of the spectrum. 

To get the most accurate air quality testing for your home, contact the experts at Mountain to Valley Home Inspections. 

FAQs

Why is air quality testing important in an old house?

Older homes are more likely to have air quality issues due to outdated materials, aging ventilation systems, moisture problems, and hidden pollutants like asbestos or lead dust. Testing helps ensure a safe and healthy indoor environment.

What are common indoor air pollutants found in old homes?

Common pollutants include mold spores, asbestos fibers, lead dust, radon gas, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pet dander, and dust mites.

Can I use a DIY air quality test instead of hiring a professional?

DIY kits are available, but they often provide limited results. Professional testing offers more accurate and detailed analysis, especially for hazardous substances like asbestos, radon, and mold.

The foundation provides structural integrity for the rest of the home, yet many homeowners tend to neglect it, especially when it comes to easy fixes. 

Whether it’s reinforcing a mortar wall or fixing your downspouts to drain further away from your home, you’d be surprised how such little fixes can add decades to your foundation.

Finding foundation issues can be uncomfortable for homeowners as repairs can be among some of the most expensive homeowners will make. 

Foundation issues not only point to other issues within the home but could threaten to lead to additional issues, such as cracked walls, separated frame members, and sloping floors. 

Foundation inspections are often included in home inspection reports when buying or selling a home. Still, getting a separate foundation inspection may be ideal if you suspect issues in your current home. 

If you are concerned about potential foundation issues, read more to learn about the importance of a foundation inspection and whether you need one. 

What Is a Foundation Inspection?

A foundation inspection assesses the stability and condition of a home’s foundation, identifying common issues based on the construction of the foundation and local environmental concerns. 

Due to the rapid freeze-thaw cycles throughout the winter in the Northeast and the general amount of rain in the Scranton area, foundation issues are very common. From shifting soil to water intrusion, it’s not uncommon for residents to experience heavy volumes of water in their basement or crawl space during extreme weather events. 

Consider that many older homes weren’t built to the standards we expect today and often don’t provide enough room for drainage for downspouts, leading to water buildup around the foundation. 

A foundation inspection identifies common issues associated with foundations, as well as causes and fixes that can improve the longevity of the foundation. Keep in mind that foundation inspections aren’t just limited to the actual foundation but encompass the exterior foundation walls, basement, crawl space, and even the walls inside your home. 

Common Types of Foundations in Northeast Pennsylvania

Considering the foundation type and some exterior factors, your foundation inspector can better determine what to look for in an inspection. In Northeast Pennsylvania, there are generally five common foundation types, which vary based on when and where the home was built. 

• Basement Foundations: The most common foundation structure found locally. This foundation typically features poured-on concrete or stone walls (pre-1930s) that may be subject to cracks or water intrusion due to hydrostatic pressure or gaps in the exterior walls. 

• Crawl Space Foundation: Also known as a stem-walled foundation, this foundation is made of the same materials and is slightly elevated off of the ground to prevent contact with moisture. However, crawl spaces are often subject to mold and the foundation floors can sink if the soil is not properly compacted. 

• Slab On Grade Foundation: Often found in mobile homes, this type of foundation offers no additional living space and is cheap to build. These foundations can often crack due to direct contact with the ground and any surrounding water. 
• Pier and Beam: Found in flood-prone areas, such as near the Susquehanna River, this type of foundation is similar to a stem-walled foundation and can suffer from the same issues. 

7 Things Experts Look For During a Foundation Inspection

Foundation issues are common in both older and newer homes in the area, but they are not automatically causes for concern. In our experience, the most common foundation issues we find are:

1. Foundation Cracks and Gaps

Foundation cracks can be a sign of water intrusion, increased hydrostatic pressure, or the wearing away of foundation materials. However, not all cracks are created equal, and understanding which type of crack you have will determine how serious the issue is. 

• Vertical Cracks: Often caused by natural settling, these cracks are fairly common and not typically cause for concern.
• Horizontal Cracks: A sign of serious pressure against the foundation, these cracks indicate separation of the foundation materials and often result from soil expansion or poor compaction. 
• Stair-Step Cracks: Common in brick or block foundations, these cracks can indicate movement or shifting and should be considered fairly worrisome.

Your inspector will also check for widening cracks, which may suggest ongoing movement requiring immediate attention.

2. Uneven or Sloping Floors

An uneven floor indicates foundation movement and can be observed all throughout the house. Inspectors use leveling tools to measure slope variations on different floors to determine if the foundation is shifting or sinking. Freeze-thaw cycles often contribute to this movement by allowing the surrounding soil to expand and contract, thus shifting the foundation.

3. Sticking Doors and Windows

Another key sign of foundation issues can be observed elsewhere in your home around the window and door frames. In extreme cases, visible gaps in the door or window frame will prevent these parts from latching or moving correctly.  

4. Bowing or Leaning Walls

An extreme and obvious sign of a foundation issue is bowing or bulging foundation walls, which can indicate extreme soil pressure or water buildup around the foundation. 

Hydrostatic pressure from excessive moisture can push walls inward, leading to cracks or tilted walls.

5. Water Intrusion and Drainage Issues

While some water intrusion may be common for residents in flood-prone areas, it’s a major source of concern. A foundation inspection will take into consideration past water intrusion to determine if any cracks or issues exist. 

Some signs of water intrusion in a basement or crawl space include water stains, mold, and excess humidity. 

6. Exterior Foundation Exposure and Soil Conditions

When inspecting the outside, an inspector will note any obvious issues, such as visible cracks or gaps in the foundation. They might also inspect the soil surrounding the foundation, taking into consideration any tree roots that may impact it or downspouts that drain directly into it. 

7. Chimney and Brickwork Condition

Finally, another major sign of foundation settling and poor stability could be a leaning chimney or cracked brickwork. Your inspector will evaluate whether chimney shifts are related to general foundation issues or independent settling.

When Should You Get a Foundation Inspection?

A foundation inspection is an important part of home ownership. It should be done every five to ten years or at the first sign of an issue, such as visible cracks or settling elsewhere in the house.

A foundation inspection is also necessary when buying or selling a house. It can help avoid expensive repairs and reassure others that the home is in good condition. 

Costs of Foundation Inspections in Northeast Pennsylvania

According to This Old House, foundation inspections cost between $300 and $1000. However, the cost will depend on the size of the home, its location, and the type of foundation. Basement and crawl space foundations cost slightly more than slab foundations. 

If you’re looking for the best foundation inspection service for your money, contact the pros at Mountain to Valley Home Inspections for a free quote!

FAQs

What Are Common Causes of Foundation Issues in Northeast Pennsylvania?

Foundation issues can result from several environmental factors and homeowner neglect. These include:

• Freeze-thaw cycles causing soil expansion and contraction
• Poor drainage leading to water damage
• Tree roots disturbing the foundation
• Natural settling over time

Can I Perform a DIY Foundation Inspection?

While homeowners can spot visible cracks or moisture issues, a professional inspection is essential for detecting deeper structural problems.

What Are Signs that I Need Foundation Repair?

• Large or widening foundation cracks
• Bowing basement walls
• Doors and windows that no longer close properly
• Persistent water damage in the basement or crawl space

Mold can be extremely difficult to spot, and many people go through months of allergy-like symptoms before identifying the cause. This is not only a health concern but can cost you much in time and money if you’re going to sell your home. 

Mold, often found behind walls, ceilings, and floors, typically requires a separate and specialized inspection to identify and remediate. Unfortunately, remediation costs can total thousands and greatly diminish a home’s value.

Mold is often a symptom of deeper problems in your home, such as water leaks, excess humidity, and poor ventilation. Due to the rapid temperature shifts experienced in Pennsylvania, anything from cracked shingles to a frozen pipe can lead to water intrusion and subsequent mold. 

Stopping mold requires understanding its typical causes and fixing structural issues within your home that contribute to it. 

This guide will discuss everything you need to know about mold prevention, including common causes, prevention tips, and the importance of routine inspections. 

The Dangers of Mold Exposure

Mold exposure can lead to various health issues, especially for individuals with allergies, asthma, or weakened immune systems. Common symptoms include coughing, sneezing, skin irritation, and eye discomfort. 

Prolonged exposure to mold spores can even cause respiratory problems and, in severe cases, lead to chronic lung conditions. However, not all types of mold are the same, so it’s essential to identify the specific strain within your home. 

Certain types of mold, such as Stachybotrys chartarum (black mold), produce mycotoxins that may contribute to neurological symptoms and other serious health concerns. 

Preventing mold growth through proper ventilation, moisture control, and timely remediation is essential for maintaining a safe indoor environment.

Signs You Have Mold in Your Home

Again, mold can be tricky to spot and often requires a total home inspection, including behind existing surfaces, to identify mold. 

However, there may be some clues or hints of mold hiding right behind your walls that you may not be aware of. 

• Musty Odor – A persistent, earthy, or damp smell, especially in basements, bathrooms, or other humid areas, could indicate mold growth, especially if there is no other explanation. 
• Water Damage or Stains – Discoloration on walls, ceilings, or floors often indicate hidden mold growth or the possibility of mold.
• Peeling or Bubbling Paint/Wallpaper – Moisture behind walls can cause paint or wallpaper to deteriorate, indicating that mold is hiding underneath.
• Warped or Soft Flooring – Mold and moisture damage can make wood floors buckle or carpets feel damp, even if existing water damage has been cleaned up.
• Increased Allergy Symptoms – Sneezing, coughing, itchy eyes, or worsened asthma indoors may indicate mold spores in the air.
• Persistent Respiratory Issues – Chronic coughing, congestion, or breathing difficulties without a clear cause are often a clear and dangerous sign of mold.
• Excess Humidity or Condensation – Constant dampness, condensation on windows, or high indoor humidity create ideal mold conditions, which should warrant inspection. 
• Visible Mold Growth – Patches of black, green, white, or brown mold on walls, ceilings, or other surfaces.

If you do spot any of the following signs of mold in your home, reach out to a local home inspection company to get a mold inspection immediately. 

The Importance of Mold Inspections

A professional mold inspection is the only way to detect and address mold issues before they become severe. 

A mold inspection goes beyond a traditional home inspection. It uses advanced tools and techniques, such as thermal imaging cameras and moisture meters, to detect areas where mold is bound to be present and spot any strains hidden behind structures. 

The benefits of getting a mold inspection are essential for homeowners or house hunters. 

• Early Detection – Identifies mold problems before they spread and lead to structural damage.
• Health Protection – Ensures indoor air quality remains safe for you and your family.
• Accurate Identification – Determines the type of mold present and the best course of action for removal.
• Prevention of Future Growth – Experts provide recommendations to prevent mold from returning.

Furthermore, a mold inspection company may be able to identify the source of moisture intrusion, such as a leaking roof or pipe that needs to be repaired to prevent future mold growth. 

7 Ways to Stop and Prevent Mold in Your Home

Given these dangers, homeowners need to practice proper home maintenance to prevent future mold growth. Stopping mold growth also helps protect the structural integrity of your home and prevent moisture intrusion, which can lead to a host of additional problems. 

1. Control Indoor Humidity Levels

Mold thrives in humid environments and the humid summers can be the perfect breeding grounds for mold if you are not careful. Typically, basements and attics with little ventilation suffer the most from excess humidity and mold growth. 

To keep mold at bay, maintain indoor humidity levels between 30-50% using dehumidifiers, air conditioners, and proper ventilation, such as opening a window.

2. Improve Ventilation

Proper airflow prevents excess moisture buildup. Think about what areas of the home are the most subject to moisture and humidity (i.e., bathrooms, kitchens, laundry rooms). Consider installing exhaust fans or keeping windows open while showering or cooking to prevent moisture buildup. 

3. Fix Leaks Immediately

Leaky pipes, roofs, or windows create moisture-prone areas perfect for mold growth. If you’ve had a past leak, be sure to get a mold inspection to determine if any mold has developed underneath the surface. Often, homeowners will vacuum the water and dry the area but won’t take any steps to clean up any mold that may have developed. 

4. Dry Wet Areas Promptly

If you spot any areas of your home where there is water buildup, such as on the edge of a bathtub or a window sill after a storm, dry and vacuum the area immediately. This can prevent mold and damage to these areas, which are extremely common within the home. 

5. Use Mold-Resistant Products

When renovating or building, opt for mold-resistant drywall, paints, and insulation materials to minimize the risk of mold growth in the future. This can help prevent future mold growth and make remediation and prevention easier. 

6. Clean and Maintain Gutters

Clogged gutters can cause water to overflow and seep into your home’s foundation or walls. They can also lead to roof damage, which can invite leaks. Therefore winterizing your gutters is an essential part of fall home maintenance and can help prevent moisture intrusion in your home.

7. Monitor and Maintain HVAC Systems

Your heating and cooling system is another common but overlooked source of mold exposure in the home. It’s also one of the most dangerous as it filters in air throughout your home. Be sure to change filters regularly and schedule routine HVAC inspections to prevent mold growth within ducts and vents.

Schedule a Mold Inspection Today

If you are a Northeast Pennsylvania resident who fears they might have mold inside their home or are purchasing an older home and want to be sure, schedule a mold inspection today. 

Our team follows the latest standards of mold care and inspection developed by the IAC2 Mold Inspection Standards of Practice to ensure the most accurate results. Not only do our mold inspections protect your health and your home, but they also give you peace of mind. 

FAQs

How quickly does mold grow after a water leak?

Mold can start growing within 24-48 hours after moisture exposure if conditions are favorable.

Do air purifiers help with mold?

Air purifiers with HEPA filters can help remove airborne mold spores, but they do not eliminate mold growth on surfaces.

Can I remove mold myself, or do I need a professional?

Small mold patches (under 10 square feet) can often be cleaned with household solutions like vinegar, bleach, or hydrogen peroxide. Larger infestations require professional remediation.

Chances are, if you’re buying a home with a bad foundation, more problems may be hiding under the surface for future repairs. 

Unfortunately, foundation repair is among the most expensive home repairs and, in extreme cases, can even lead to the demolition of the home. 

While some natural settling will occur over time, neglect from homeowners or extreme environmental conditions can damage a foundation and disrupt a home’s equilibrium. 

In most cases, foundation issues can be caught early and fixed without significant repairs. This reiterates the importance of getting a qualified home inspection and periodically checking your foundation for issues. 

Common Types of Foundations in Northeast Pennsylvania

The foundation type in your home often reflects the era in which it was built, local building codes, and environmental conditions. 

In Northeast Pennsylvania, you can find a variety of different foundation types, from stone foundations built over a century ago to modern concrete slab foundations, with the most common being:

1. Basement Foundations: Found in a majority of older and modern homes alike, basements provide additional storage or living space. Foundation walls can be composed of several materials, from concrete to stone. While most basement foundations are sturdy, they are prone to moisture issues due to Northeast Pennsylvania’s rainy seasons and heavy snowmelt.
2. Crawl Space Foundations: Homes with elevated foundations–often found along the Susquehanna River—provide a buffer between the home and the ground, preventing flooding from excess water flow. These foundations are very sturdy but require more maintenance than other foundations.  
3. Slab-on-Grade Foundations: In newer homes, concrete slash foundations are poured directly into the ground, providing no basement or crawl space. While generally sturdy, these foundations are prone to greater shifting due to the natural settling of the surrounding soil and hydrostatic pressure. 
4. Stone Foundations: Older homes may have stone or rubble foundations, which add historic charm but can deteriorate without proper maintenance. If properly graded and maintained, these foundations can last long and may still hold up today. 

Each foundation type has unique vulnerabilities. Recognizing yours can help you determine the appropriate preventive measures and solutions for potential issues.

What Causes Foundation Issues?

Foundation problems don’t occur overnight. They often result from environmental, structural, and homeowner neglect. 

Foundation issues can take many forms, from deteriorated basement walls that allow water to seep through to shifting soil that causes uneven floors. 

Generally, some factors in Northeast Pennsylvania that contribute to foundation damage include:

• Soil Movement: The region’s expansive clay soils absorb water and expand, pushing against the foundation. Conversely, dry periods cause the soil to shrink, creating voids.
• Water Damage: Improper drainage, clogged gutters, and leaking pipes can saturate the soil, leading to erosion or hydrostatic pressure against the foundation walls.
• Freeze-Thaw Cycles: During cold winters, water in the soil freezes and expands, exerting upward pressure on the foundation. When it thaws, the soil settles unevenly.
• Tree Roots: Trees planted too close to a home can cause damage. As roots grow, they can shift soil or directly impact foundation walls.
• Construction Errors: Poor design, inadequate materials, or rushed construction can result in a weak foundation from the start. We’ll often find that many older homes lack the proper foundation support needed to support their home. 

9 Signs You May Have Foundation Damage

Unfortunately, many homeowners are not trained to spot foundation problems until they start to impact daily life and result in noticeable cracks and shifts in the home’s interior. Some signs that homeowners should be aware of over time include:

1. Cracks in Walls or Floors

As your home settles, it’s natural to spot cracks on your walls, ceiling, and floors. However, not all cracks are created equal.

For example, vertical cracks are considered innocuous and a natural part of foundation settling. However, vertical cracks that extend from the wall to the ceiling or floor could be worrisome and indicate issues with the foundation. 

Horizontal cracks are equally concerning as they could indicate rapid shifting in one area of the foundation compared to another.

Finally, stairstep cracks, especially along masonry objects, will indicate uneven settling and a more extensive problem that warrants investigation. 

2. Uneven or Sloping Floors

Uneven settling in different areas of the home will cause the house to shift on different axis points, causing floors to slope. It’s essential to look for other signs of foundation damage, as sloping or buckling floors could also be a problem with the floor joist or subfloor underneath. 

3. Sticking Doors and Windows

One of the most common signs of foundation damage that homeowners tend to ignore is sticking windows and doors. 

Doors and windows that no longer fit their frames or are difficult to open and close may signal a structural shift. If you notice doors that don’t open properly or even have slightly shifted frames that don’t allow the striker to hit the latch plate, it could indicate the sinking or settling of the foundation.

Another sign to look for is foggy windows, which could result from a damaged seal due to the foundation settling. 

4. Bowed Walls

If you have a basement foundation, look at your walls to see if they are bowing, cracking, or bulging in different spots. This could indicate hydrostatic pressure from outside soil that has saturated, shifted, and expanded.

5. Gaps Around Doors or Window

Look for gaps between walls and door and window frames, which indicate uneven settling. This is common in older homes and easily visible during the day when light can pierce through these openings. 

6. Water Intrusion

While moisture in basements or crawl spaces is very common in areas prone to flooding by the river or even up on a hill, like Clarks Summit and Pittston, it could eventually eat away at your foundation. Look for signs of water damage, such as cracks in the wall, deterioration, or staining of the floors. 

7. Chimney Movement

A leaning or cracking chimney often indicates foundation instability. Chimneys are heavy and rely on a solid base. Have a chimney expert examine the top and interior of your chimney for signs of damage. 

8. Foundation Cracks

Visible cracks on the exterior foundation walls, particularly horizontal ones, clearly indicate trouble. These will be visible on the floor or walls of your foundation. 

9. Persistent Musty Odor

Finally, dampness from foundation leaks can lead to mold and mildew growth, creating an unpleasant smell in the home. Regularly check moisture in your basement or crawl space and look for water intrusion after rain or snow events.

The Importance of a Foundation Inspection

A home’s foundation provides support for the rest of the house. Unfortunately, once your foundation starts to experience problems, you will most likely notice problems in other areas of your home. 

For this reason, getting a foundation inspection at the first sign of a problem is important to identify the cause and fix any lingering issues. 

A professional foundation inspection is an investment in your home’s longevity and value. Whether you are buying or selling a home or are concerned about your existing foundation, a home foundation inspection is essential for your safety and peace of mind. A home inspection will check for foundation issues and any issues pertaining to the foundation, such as poor drainage or broken window seals. 

FAQs

Does homeowners’ insurance cover foundation repairs?

It depends on the cause. Insurance often covers sudden damage from earthquakes or floods but typically excludes gradual damage from soil movement or water intrusion. Review your policy for specifics.

What can I do to prevent foundation problems?

Ensure proper drainage around your home, maintain a consistent moisture level in the soil, and avoid planting trees too close to the foundation. Regularly clean gutters and downspouts to direct water away from your foundation.

How often should I inspect my foundation?

Visually inspect your foundation twice a year—once in the spring and once in the fall. Professional inspections should be scheduled every few years or whenever you notice potential warning signs.

We’ve conducted thousands of home inspections in and around the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre area and have seen everything from do-it-yourself wiring to slanted foundations you couldn’t walk on straight.

In today’s hot real estate market, it’s common for homebuyers to forgo a home inspection to make their offer more competitive. However, this strategy could put your safety and your money at risk.

We understand the financial risks of buying a home, which is why our home inspection reports are designed to be as thorough and professional as possible. 

Through our years of experience in the field and some additional research, we’ve uncovered the most common home inspection problems for homes in the Northeast PA region and much of the nation. Let’s dive in!

11 Of the Most Common Home Inspection Issues

Unfortunately, the most common home inspection problems we find with many homes in the area tend to be the most expensive repairs. 

It often makes sense as many homeowners don’t have the available capital to make these repairs and thus dump their home on the market, hoping it will sell in spite of these flaws or that they will be missed.

Understanding and identifying these common home inspection red flags will help you avoid costly repairs and give you greater peace of mind. 

1. Roof Issues

According to a survey by the Inspection Support Network (ISN), roof issues were the most common issue cited on 19.7% of all inspection reports. 

Regardless of the type of home you have, most people in the northeast tend to have asphalt shingle roofs, which last between 15-30 years on average.

However, excessive rainfall, poor drainage, low-lying tree branches, squirrels, and extreme weather can cause immediate damage or diminish the longevity of your shingles very quickly. Some of the most common issues we tend to find with roofs include:

• Missing or damaged shingles
• Leaks and water damage
• Improper flashing installation
• Mold or algae growth

While repairing a roof may only cost a few hundred dollars. Replacements can total tens of thousands of dollars, depending on the size and contractor. 

Mountain to Valley Home Inspectors uses a drone to assist with roof inspections that provide high-level details about the condition of your roof for the most accurate analysis possible. 

2. Outdated Electrical Wiring and Panels

The second most common issue cited in the ISN report that many people may overlook is outdated electrical wiring. If you’ve ever looked into a perfectly preserved Victorian, Tudor, or Colonial home in the area, you’ve probably run into nob-and-tube wiring that doesn’t pass code. 

However, aluminum wiring–commonly found in homes built between 1965 through 1973–is also another red flag that tends to deteriorate faster than copper and is a fire hazard.

Likewise, poor electrical wiring on your circuit panels that causes breakers to trip is another common issue we frequently run into that can be hazardous and inconvenient.  

3. Foundation Cracks and Damage

Homeowners often ignore foundation and structural issues due to their costly repairs, but they can cause a whole host of problems, from inviting moisture to damaging walls and ceilings.

Some signs of structural issues commonly found on home inspection reports in the area include:

• Cracks in walls or foundations
• Uneven floors
• Water intrusion in basements
• Rotting or damaged support beams

Don’t think that foundation issues are strictly limited to older homes. Often, newer homes built in the last 10-15 years suffer from structural issues due to poor soil compaction that doesn’t allow the foundation to settle properly. 

4. Water Damage 

Water damage can vary based on the build and location of the home, but damage from flooding can be very apparent for many homes that line the Susquehanna River. Additionally, leaky pipes that homeowners may not be aware of can also cause substantial damage. 

Unfortunately, water damage can be difficult to clean up as it can seep into walls, damage electrical wiring, cause mold, and rot out wooden beams, which may go unnoticed in a standard home inspection report. Therefore, any sign of water damage, such as stained walls, must be investigated further.

5. Plumbing

Nearly every home will experience some minor plumbing issues over its lifetime, and many of these can be fairly minor. Nevertheless, addressing any leaks or backflows before they lead to water damage or flooding is still important. 

We also tend to note any Polybutylene Plastic supply lines that are more susceptible to leaks. 

6. Poor Drainage

Your gutters may be something you ignore every year, but they play an essential role in protecting your foundation. Any drainage issues from downspouts, including clogged or damaged gutters, will be flagged on a home inspection report. While repairs are fairly inexpensive, they should be addressed immediately to protect your foundation. 

7. Sticking Windows and Doors

You might not believe it, but the third most common issue cited in the ISN report was sticking or outdated windows. We frequently encounter this issue with older homes in the area that have windows or doors that stick or won’t open. This can cause ventilation issues, which can lead to excess humidity or carbon monoxide. 

Windows and doors are also common points where air leakages have occurred, especially if either has separated from the frame of your house. 

8. Cracked Floor Joists

Cracked or rotting floor joists are just as common and dangerous as foundation issues. Measuring your floors to see if they are balanced is a good idea for homes with a basement or a second story. It’s actually very common for newer homes with lesser quality wood or recently remodeled homes to have joist issues, which can threaten the structural integrity of the home. 

9. Trees Close to the House

Trees with low-lying branches are a very common red flag we see on houses all across the area. Known for our dense forested mountains, many homes tend to have a cluster of trees in their front or backyard that can put their roof at risk. 

10. HVAC Issues

During inspections, we will also flag any HVAC issues, which typically arise from:

• Poor maintenance
• Clogged filters
• Duct leaks
• Outdated or inefficient systems

Not only will the efficiency of these systems decline, but replacement may also be necessary, which could cost thousands of dollars. 

11. Deck and Patio Issues

Finally, we tend to encounter a lot of shoddy workmanship when it comes to both professional and DIY decks and patios. 

From poor staining to uneven ground and even wooden planks that have rotted, we recommend that sellers fix these problems before proceeding with a sale, as they can be extremely hazardous.

Additional Red Flags Not Covered in Home Inspection Reports

While home inspection reports are thorough and cover most areas of your home, there may be some additional areas that you may want to hire for a separate inspection.

• Mold: It’s very easy to miss mold during a home inspection, as mold tends to proliferate in dark and wet places, such as behind your walls, a drop ceiling, or your HVAC system. We recommend all first-time homebuyers conduct a separate mold inspection, especially if you’re purchasing an older home. 

• Septic/Sewage System: Most homeowners are unaware that they are responsible for many of the pipes connected to their house from their sewage system. While it’s not entirely necessary to inspect these pipes, we do recommend getting an inspection done on your septic system if you don’t have public sewage. Since septic systems require more maintenance, they tend to run into more problems. 

• Waterproofing: If you live in a flood zone or on a hill, it’s a good idea to determine if your basement is properly waterproofed. This will help prevent water damage from heavy rainfall or snow. 

• Water Quality: If you purchase a home with well water, it’s a good idea to get a water sample test to determine if it is safe for consumption.
• Radon: Radon is a silent and harmful gas that tends to emit in higher concentrations from old mine shafts. Get a radon test done to see if there are any steps that need to be taken to remove or protect your home from radon.

By understanding these common home inspection issues, you can determine what the right course is, as many of these are bound to come up on any home inspection report. 

FAQs

What should I do if a home inspection report reveals significant issues?

If major problems are identified, consult a contractor or specialist for repair estimates. Buyers can negotiate with sellers for repairs or price adjustments to avoid being on the hook.

Are home inspections mandatory?

While not legally required, most lenders insist on inspections to ensure the property’s condition and underwrite any loan.

Can I waive a home inspection to gain a competitive edge in the market?

Waiving an inspection is risky, as it leaves you unaware of potentially costly repairs.

As longtime residents of Northeast Pennsylvania, we’re used to prepping our homes for frozen pipes in the winter and windy storms in the fall. 

However, as the climate changes and storm surges worsen, we have noticed an uptick in weather-related damage to homes in the area. 

Even seasonal dangers, such as a buildup of leaves in gutters or excessive humidity in the summer, can damage homes indirectly without our knowledge. 

While NEPA boasts a moderate, subtropical climate, homeowners need to be aware of plenty of things when buying or selling a home with weather-related damage. 

This guide will explore the most frequent examples of weather-related damage we’ve experienced on homes in NEPA and provide tips for inspecting and preventing such damage. 

1. Roof Damage from Snow, Ice, and Wind

Roof damage is one of the most common and expensive home problems that we often uncover during home inspections. 

Unfortunately, for homeowners, avoiding roof damage is very difficult as several weather-related factors can damage your roof, including:

• Snow Accumulation: Excessive snow on a roof adds weight, increasing the risk of structural strain and potential collapse.
• Ice Dams: When ice ridges form at the roof’s edge, they trap melting snow, which can lead to water seeping beneath shingles and causing leaks.
• Wind Damage: Strong winter and spring winds can dislodge or crack shingles, leaving the roof vulnerable to water damage.

In addition, damage from falling tree limbs and debris is widespread in the area, especially for homes in more rural areas, such as the Poconos, Bear Creek, or Tunkhannock. 

To prevent roof damage from worsening, we highly recommend scheduling a roof inspection every few years to get ahead of repairs. In addition, it’s essential to clear off any debris that may fall on the roof that could end up in downspouts or get lodged between shingles.

2. Basement Flooding from Heavy Rains and Snowmelt

On the opposite end of the house lies the basement, which is typically protected from the elements but can be vulnerable to flooding. 

Unfortunately, flooding doesn’t need to occur from a once-in-a-lifetime event like Hurricane Agnes in 1972. Still, it can be a frequent concern for residents in mountainous regions that live on hills. 

For example, residents in hilly neighborhoods, such as Pittston, Clarks Summit, and Mountain Top, frequently experience basement flooding caused by water that flows past their houses from higher elevations. 

Sealing basement cracks is only half the battle; many residents require sump pumps and, in extreme cases, new slope grading to divert water away from their homes and basements. 

3. Frozen Pipes in Winter

Every Northeastern resident is familiar with extreme cold alerts that require you to leave your cabinets open and the faucet dripping to avoid freezing pipes. Unfortunately, even with the right precautions, frozen pipes can be inevitable and wreak havoc on the interior of your home. 

Water damage caused by broken or damaged pipes can lead to a host of issues, including damage to floors, foundation damage, mold growth, and replacement of your pipes.

When inspecting homes, one of the most essential things we search for is water damage caused by flooding or humidity, as well as broken or leaky pipes. 

4. Siding and Exterior Wall Damage from High Winds and Hail

Extreme gusty winds are common in Northeast Pennsylvania and can cause many issues for your siding. In our experience, aluminum or vinyl siding is the most vulnerable to damage, such as puncturing or separation from the home.

While siding damage may appear only to be an aesthetic concern, it can also cause several issues that can harm your home. For example, holes in your siding can invite moisture, pests, and other debris that damage interior components. 

5. Foundation Cracks from Soil Shifting and Frost Heave

Foundation issues are prevalent in Northeast PA due to the rapid freezing and thawing cycle of the soil during the fall and spring. Unfortunately, these cycles allow the soil to expand and contract, causing voids to form and the soil to shift. 

Another cause of foundation damage is heavy rainfall, which saturates the surrounding soil and penetrates the foundation. Malfunctioning gutters also allow water to pool around foundations and form cracks. 

When hunting for a home, don’t discount an older home’s advantage when it comes to a settled foundation. Newer homes are often more vulnerable to foundation shifting and its ill effects as these homes will not have very established foundations.

6. Gutter and Downspout Damage from Ice and Debris Buildup

Speaking of gutters, we cannot emphasize enough the importance of proper gutter maintenance during the fall and winter. Gutters are essential for diverting water away from your home’s foundation during rain and snow. 

A clogged, separated, or damaged gutter downspout will immediately be a red flag that we log on our inspection report and urge home sellers to fix. 

Some of the most common issues we find with gutters in Northeast PA include:

• Clogs: Leaves, ice, and debris can block gutters, leading to water overflow.
• Ice Dams: Water trapped by ice can lead to ice dams, causing roof and foundation damage.

Seasonal cleaning, winterizing gutters, and installing leaf guards can be great proactive tips for keeping gutters in working condition. 

7. Mold Growth in Humid Summer Conditions

Finally, we focus so much on weather-related events during the fall and winter, but the spring and summer can bring their issues. For example, mold buildup is one of the most common problems we discover on home inspection reports. 

However, mold is not always the result of leaky pipes or flooded basements. In many cases, older homes with poor ventilation in bathrooms, attics, and basements can cause mold to build up during hot and humid conditions.

For this reason, we always urge home buyers to conduct a mold inspection when searching for a home, as mold buildup can cause several health-related issues. 

The Importance of Regular Home Inspections

Being subject to a constant barrage of changing temperatures and extreme storms, houses in Northeast Pennsylvania can take a beating. We urge homeowners, buyers, and sellers to conduct regular home inspections to get ahead of repairs and costly damage. 

For a reliable home inspection in Northeast PA with the most accurate assessments of the quality and condition of your home, turn to the experts at Mountain to Valley Home Inspections. We are long-time local residents of NEPA with a keen understanding of weather-related issues that can damage your home and impact its value. 

FAQs

How often should I inspect my roof in Northeast PA?
It’s recommended to inspect your roof every five years or after severe weather events. Spotting minor issues early can prevent major damage.

How can I prevent my basement from flooding?

Installing a sump pump, maintaining proper grading around your home, and sealing foundation cracks are effective ways to prevent basement flooding.

What can I do to prevent ice dams on my roof?

Keep your gutters clear, add insulation to your attic, and consider installing roof heating cables to prevent ice dams from forming.

What are the signs of foundation issues caused by frost heave?

Look for cracks in walls and floors, doors and windows that stick, and uneven floors, as these could indicate foundation movement from frost heave.

Home inspection drones are one of the most significant improvements in the home inspection field in recent years. Using high-resolution imagery and the ability to fly anywhere without disturbing the property, our technicians can use home inspection drones to analyze roofs, chimneys, and attics like never before. 

Learn more about the benefits of a home inspection drone for your Northeast Pennsylvania property and why it pays to partner with a home inspector that uses the latest drone technology. 

What Are Home Inspection Drones?

Home inspection drones are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-resolution cameras and additional sensors, such as thermal imaging, to assist in property inspections. These drones can provide detailed aerial views of properties, including difficult-to-reach areas such as roofs, tall chimneys, and the upper portions of large homes, without disturbing these areas.

With recent improvements in drone technology, these cameras can provide high-resolution images that surpass ordinary cameras. Furthermore, thermal imaging and multispectral sensors allow drones to determine home heat patterns to see where heat loss may occur. 

These advancements allow home inspectors to dive deeper beyond traditional means to give you a genuinely 360-degree look at any property you get inspected. 

Benefits of Using Drones in Home Inspections

Home inspection drones offer numerous advantages compared to traditional inspection methods. Below are some of the key benefits:

1. High-Resolution Imagery

Modern drones are equipped with high-resolution cameras that can capture crisp images and videos, allowing inspectors to identify and illustrate potential issues to their clients. As previously stated, many of these cameras are even more sophisticated than you will find on modern iPhones and professional cameras, allowing technicians to provide crystal-clear documentation of any issues they find. 

2. Improved Access to Hard-to-Reach Areas

Roofs, chimneys, and other high-up places may be difficult for inspectors to access, preventing them from getting an accurate image or risking their safety. Even if an inspector can make their way to a roof, it can be difficult to examine every part, such as the top of a chimney or gable that may be on a steep pitch. Drones bypass these obstacles, allowing inspectors to gain full access to these areas without any limitations. 

3. Increased Safety for Inspectors

Home inspection drones are also safer for inspectors, reducing liability for each party. Inspectors often have to climb ladders, walk on sloped roofs, and navigate precarious heights to complete an inspection. Drones eliminate these demands, placing everybody in greater safety. 

4. Time and Cost Efficiency

Drone inspections save both time and money, which can save the client time and money. A typical roof inspection might take an inspector several hours, especially if it involves climbing and documenting various sections. With a drone, the same inspection can be completed in a fraction of the time and at a lower cost. 

5. Thermal Imaging

Many home inspection drones are equipped with thermal sensors that allow inspectors to diagnose the heat profile of a property. This enables them to determine if there is anywhere where heat is escaping, or cool drafts are entering, which could impact your energy bills and comfort. 

Common Examples of How Drones Are Used in Home Inspections

Drones are versatile tools that can perform a variety of inspection tasks. Here are some examples of how they are commonly used in home inspections:

1. Roof Inspections

Our team at Mountain to Valley Home Inspections uses home inspection drones for roof inspections daily. Using home inspection drones, we can assess the condition of shingles, check for cracks, look for leaks, analyze flashing, and identify any potential leaks. The aerial view provides a comprehensive picture of the entire roof, which is often hard to achieve with traditional methods.

2. Gutter Assessments

Drones can also be used to inspect gutters, which many homeowners don’t think much about. However, blocked or misaligned gutters can cause drainage issues that impact your foundation. 

An aerial view of your gutters can identify blockages caused by leaves or other debris. It can also be used to videotape drainage patterns as water escapes to see where any potential issues may lie. 

3. Heat Loss and Energy Efficiency Checks

Drones equipped with thermal cameras allow us to analyze a home’s thermal profile and provide a more accurate assessment of its energy efficiency. 

4. Structural Assessments

Finally, drones can also help us assess the general structural integrity of a property. We use them to look for cracks in the foundation, assess siding conditions, or evaluate the overall exterior of the home.

A home inspection drone benefits inspectors in many ways, which then gets passed on to the consumer. For more information about our home inspection drones, contact us today to see how they can assist you on your next home inspection. 

FAQs

Are drone inspections safe?

Yes, drone inspections are generally safer than traditional methods since they eliminate the need for inspectors to climb ladders or walk on roofs, reducing the risk of accidents.

Do drone inspections provide accurate results?

Absolutely. Drones equipped with high-resolution cameras and sensors provide detailed images and data, making it easier to identify issues that might be missed during a traditional inspection.

Are drones allowed to inspect any property?

The use of drones is subject to regulations, which can vary by location. Inspectors need to follow guidelines set by aviation authorities and may need permission to fly in certain areas.